Marketing Comparison International and Domestic - 1950 Words

Running head: MARKETING COMPARISON Marketing Comparison: International and Domestic Australia and the United States Marketing Comparison: International and Domestic Australia and the United States As defined by the American Marketing Association, Marketing is an organizational function and a set of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders (AMA, 2004, 2). The definition is applied to any product, business firm in any targeted country. Marketing is the core of any business venture. Two basic functions are derived from marketing: 1) to retain and sustain present customer base, and 2) to develop†¦show more content†¦2). Statistically, 76% are Christians (Anglican, Roman Catholic, and the Uniting Church), with the remaining 24% as religions from immigrant religions, such as Islam and Buddhism. The average family consists of 2 to 3 children, with larger families conducive to immigrant groups. The United States was founded on the freedom from religious persecution; therefore, historically religion has ties to the formation of the American government. Roughly, 80% of Americans are of the Christian faith and regard religion as a personal matter (United States of America, 2007, p. 2). English is the national and prevailing language; however, Australian English is unique as the language contains numerous colloquialisms and idioms. Examples taken from Commonwealth of Australia (2007): Spot on means Right on . A prang is a fender bender . If someone is unwell, he or she is crook. English is also the national and prevailing language in American; however, English is referred to as American English also, full of unique idioms (United States of America, 2007, p. 2). Cultural influences are the most difficult and essential modifications confronting international marketers. Marketers are confronted with different attitudes, lifestyles, beliefs, languages all of which will affect the implementation of the marketing mix. Political Influences Imperative to every marketer s evaluation of an international market is an appreciation for the political environment of theShow MoreRelatedInternational and Domestic Marketing Comparison Paper: India and the United States1408 Words   |  6 PagesInternational and Domestic Marketing Comparison Paper: India and the United States Introduction Nations, like the people who inhabit them, are all different. Some, like the United States, are at the forefront of technology and development. Others exist as third world nations, where even the most basic necessities are hard to come by. And then there are those which are in the middle, such as India. In the past 20 years, India has grown in the eyes of the global community from a rural, developingRead MoreInternational Marketing Research Methodologies and Design1251 Words   |  5 PagesInternational Marketing Research Methodologies and Design International marketing opens a new avenue for a company to grow as well as face with pending challenges of competition (Craig Douglas, 2005). Overreliance on the domestic market compromises a company potential at the onset of new cultures and expansion of competing companies in the domestic turf (Malhotra, 2004). With this in mind, it is recommended that a company XYZ Inc. should consider expanding its market outreach by venturing inRead MoreAdvantages and Disadvantages of Exporting1614 Words   |  7 Pagesloss and companies can increase their revenue without additional costs for marketing. Products can be simply bought at the company’s production plant and be exported, even without an agreement with the manufacturer, which is the easiest way. 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By understandingRead MoreRed Bull Environmental Scan1129 Words   |  5 PagesRed Bull’s popularity and status as the number one energy drink in the market reflects the importance allocated to marketing. The company’s hegemony in the energy drink industry is a reflection of their adherence to a multifaceted strategic management plan that considers the imperativeness of environmental factors. As competition increases, companies strive to differentiate themselves through common shared principles to retain customers. In the case of Red Bull and their annual sales of â€Å"4,204 billionRead MoreAir India Marketing Strategy1279 Words   |  6 PagesAir India Marketing Strategy Name: Harsha Sinha Enrollment No. 11BSPHH010328 Section – B Seat No. - 2 AirIndia  is a  state-owned  flag carrier, the oldest airline  of India. It is part of the Indian government-owned  AI Limited.   The airline operates a fleet of  Airbus  and  Boeing  aircrafts. According to the International Air Transport Association (IATA), by its latest estimates,  India will contribute significantly to air travel, which is to grow from US$ 5.1billion to US$ 5.6billion.  MarketRead MoreGlobal Business Cultural Analysis Of Japan Essay1627 Words   |  7 Pagessuccessful. Increasingly, companies that have been solely domestic are branching out internationally for a wide variety of reasons, but in the end, it’s all about making profits from previously inaccessible market segments. The scaling is vast: international businesses can be as small as a stay at home mother that just created a Limited Liability Corporation to sell a unique product to the world, to an already established international businesses conglomerate with offices across the globe. Specifically

Iagos Character Exposed Through Language and Diction in...

Iagos Character Exposed Through Language and Diction in Othello Everyone at some point in their lives attempts to convince someone to behave certain ways and to do specific things that ultimately will only benefit the person doing the convincing. Throughout the entire book, Othello, Iago attempts to convince numerous people in order to in the end only benefit and help himself. In this scene, Roderigo is explaining to Iago how he no longer wants to love because he is without Desdemona’s love. Iago then focuses on convincing Roderigo not only out of suicide, but also into getting Desdemona back. If Iago was unable to encourage Roderigo to go back after Desdemona, his plans would have been ruined. In lines 296-395, Iago uses many†¦show more content†¦Another example if flattering diction that Iago uses in his appeal is found in line 302, when Iago refers to Roderigo as a â€Å"sill gentleman†. The term gentleman makes it appear as though Iago thinks highly of what Roderigo does and hopefully shows Roderigo the trust that Iago has in him. Iago also tries to persuade Roderigo through the different types of language techniques and appeals: ethos, pathos, and logos. Iago uses the appeal to ethos twice in the passage, in line 331 and then again in lines 355-357. In line 331, Iago says â€Å"Come, be a man!†. This statement appeals to Roderigo’s sense of pride in his character. There is no man that does not delight in being called a â€Å"real† man. Iago uses the same type appeal to pride in lines 355-357 when he says that it would be better to die by hanging with her rather than to die by drowning without her. This also shows Roderigo that he should at least have the joy of winning the prize when he dies. Iago also appeals to Roderigo’s pathos in line 301 when he says that if Roderigo kills himself by drowning, then Iago will never love him after he dies. This is a phrase that Iago uses to appeal to Roderigo’s emotion. This touches Roderigo’s emotions because no one wants to do so mething that will cause those around them to not love and cherish them when they are gone. Lastly, Iago appeals to Roderigo’s logic, or logos. This is bestShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Othello - Comedy And Tragedy2481 Words   |  10 Pagesmagnitude composed of plot, character, thought, diction, melody and spectacle, (Myers, pg 118). Conventionally, comedies end happily in which real-world conflicts are resolved. In this essay I am going to demonstrate how each of the playwrights challenge the traditional ideology of comedy and tragedy. Comical elements in â€Å"Othello† are limited, however a neoclassical critic stated, â€Å"there is in this play, some burlesque, some humour and a ramble of comical wit† and therefore, Othello as a whole is â€Å"none

Eleanor Of Aquitaine Essay Research Paper In free essay sample

Eleanor Of Aquitaine Essay, Research Paper In a palace in Berlin, in the twelvemonth 1122, a babe miss with bluish eyes and blond hair was born to the duke and duchess of the most of import country of France: Aquitaine. This beautiful kid was to go the Duchess of Aquitaine and the Queen of France, the Duchess of Normandy and the Queen of England. Eleanor of Aquitaine was arguably the most interesting adult female of her clip. She influenced many of her clip period? s most powerful work forces. Eleanor was born to be a leader. Her male parent, William X, Duke of Aquitaine, had no male inheritor and felt lucky to hold a girl like Eleanor. Her intelligence impressed him, so he saw to it that his girl received the best schooling possible. She turned out to be an first-class pupil. After her female parent died when she was eight, Eleanor spent most of her clip with her male parent. Eleanor accompanied her male parent all over Aquitaine, larning at an early age how an of import land should be ruled. Eleanor was devastated when her male parent died in 1137. Despite her unhappiness, there was besides a good side to his decease: she had become the richest inheritress in France. Because of her immature age and the fact that she was a adult female, many people doubted her right to govern Aquitaine. This left her in a unsafe place, so for protection she was engaged to the prince, Louis VII. When Prince Louis became King, Eleanor was 15 and she became Queen of France. Eleanor ruled as queen for 15 old ages. To her discouragement, she discovered that the queen had small power in the opinion of France. Because Eleanor was such and ambitious adult female, the male monarch? s advisers feared her influence over the male monarch. Eleanor turned to political relations when her royal position was non plenty to win an statement. She sagely remembered the influence she still had in Aquitaine over its powerful dukes who had neer liked Louis, following him merely because of his confederation with Eleanor. When Louis decided to head the Second Crusade in 1147 and the Queen announced that she would attach to him, the male monarch? s advisers were against it. Eleanor argued that the work forces of Aquitaine would be willing to fall in the expedition if she were to put an illustration for them by traveling. The advisers thought this was logical logical thinking and they needed more work forces to fall in, so Eleanor was aloud to fall in them in their journey. Since the beginning of their matrimony, Eleanor found her weak, dull hubby really small to her liking so she spent much of her clip going with out him. Forced to pass clip together during their journey to the Holy Land, Eleanor and Louis began to contend. They quarreled over her program to protect Jerusalem by driving back the Turks in the North. Louis ignored her advice and arranged for Eleanor to be sent place against her will. Both the campaign and their matrimony failed shortly after. In 1152 Eleanor petitioned the Pope to invalidate her matrimony to Louis on the stalking-horse that they were excessively closely related by blood. The King and his advisers forced Eleanor was to give up her two girls, Marie and Alix, and tearfully, Eleanor said adieu and returned place. Reverting back to her place as Duchess of Aquitaine, Eleanor one time once more he ld the power over her land. She realized she was now in the same topographic point she had been 15 old ages earlier and one time once more would be forced to get married, but this clip she was in a place to take her following hubby. She selected Henry Plantagenet of Anjou, Duke of Normandy, the 2nd most powerful country in France, who was besides in line to go the King of England. In 1154, the brace was crowned in Britain and Henry became King Henry II. Eleanor had now gained the most powerful place, after that of the male monarch. She now ruled both Aquitaine and England. Besides, unlike her first hubby, Henry valued her sentiment and took her advice. Eleanor and Henry had eight kids, three of which would assist their female parent do their male parent? s ruin. Governing both states in his topographic point while he was off suppressing other lands, the King and Queen drifted apart. Their matrimony was doomed when Eleanor discovered that her hubby had had several personal businesss. Bitter that she had been deprived of the right to govern for so many old ages, she devised a program to subvert the King. In 1173 with the aid of her boies John, Richard, and Geoffrey Eleanor succeeded in her program. Fearing her aspirations Henry II had Eleanor imprisoned until his ain decease in 1189. Eleanor helped her boy Richard regulation England and when he died, she did the same for John. Although unlike Richard, John resisted her aid, she continued to maintain him out of problem by doing orders in his name without his cognition. Eleanor spent the last old ages of her life going between England and France conveying the two states together and doing peace in England. She spent most of her last yearss in shelter for adult females called Fontevrault and was buried at the abbey in 1204 at the age of eighty-two. Eleanor had a passion for the humanistic disciplines in any signifier, and throughout her life she brought them with her wherever she went. Used to her household # 8217 ; s exciting palace in Aquitaine, the immature Eleanor found the Paris palace drilling. Eleanor rapidly brought it to life. She loved acquisition, and invited great heads from all over the state to her tribunal. She on a regular basis attended talks of the celebrated theologian Abelard. Eleanor introduced far more to Paris than merely rational things. She introduced Paris to the civilization she had known at place: music, all right tapestries, new manners, dance, and good nutrient. When she married Henry and moved to England, the Queen one time once more turned the blue English palace into a centre for those interested in the humanistic disciplines. The yearss were filled with tourneies and dramas, and the darks with banqueting. Everything was celebrated in the award of love. Most significantly, everyplace Eleanor we nt, she supported something about unheard of in the clip: regard for adult females. Eleanor achieved so many things in her clip that it was unheard of for a adult female to make in her clip. Having been Queen of two states during her life she contributed a batch to maintaining the peace and set uping just regulation in both of her states. Besides Eleanor was one of the first adult females to talk out for adult females? s rights and take action for fairer intervention for adult females. Eleanor of Aquitaine will ever be remembered as one of the great adult females in history.

Government Engage International Initiatives-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: How Should The Government Engage With International Initiatives To Address The Problem Of Climate Change Refugees? Answer: Introducation Every year, round the globe, millions of inhabitants are forced to move or flee out of their host territory due to natural hazards in their environments. The climate change is making matters worse by increasing the frequency and intensity of important drivers of displacement such as floods, droughts and other extreme weather conditions. Climate change is said to generate a substantial increases in the population movement in the coming decades. Latest research in this domain has indicated that the climate-changerelated migration is likely to result in adverse health outcomes. This health outcome will get reflected in both displaced and in the host populations. The conditions will be severe during the situations of the forced migration. However, where migration and other mobility concerns are effectively used as an adaptive strategy, the subsequent health risks are likely to get minimized. Moreover, in some cases there are possible indications of health gains (McMichael et al. 2012). In order to address the problem of climate change refugees, purposeful and timely policy interventions by the government are mandatory. This will promote the overall mobility of people, enhance the well-being of the population, and at the same time will maximize the economic and social development in both places of origin and places of destination (host countries). Nevertheless, the extreme anticipated occurrence of the substantial relocation of the groups and the migrating communities will underscore the impact of the fundamental seriousness of the human-induced climate change on the host country (McAdam 2012). The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is a non-binding agreement aimed at reducing the consequences of climate change. It entered into force on 21 March 1994, following ratification by 50 governments (states parties). Australia ratified on 30 December 19929 (Obergassel at al. 2016). In Australia Climate change in the Pacific Islands and several threats in the field of food security, water security, increased in vector born disease, infrastructural and land losses and sea level rise is the main reasons behind the generation of climate refugees. In order to fight back against the alarming problem of climate change refugee Australia needs to Support Multilateral initiatives It will aim at the consolidation and subsequent development of the normative principles. Normative principles will reform regional or national laws and policies that are designed over the environmental migration. As per the latest amendment, by the UNHCR in Oslo in June 2011, refinement of the pre-existing rules in chapter of the international law, and highlighting the responsibility of the national, local and international factors will assist to fight against climate change refugee problem. Capacity building in origin and transit countries Australia must sign up and stick to the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement. It will act as a legal basis for shielding people who are displaced within their own territory due to environmental migration. Optimal protection at the residence is an important way out to curb the predominant pressure to migrate abroad. However, small Pacific Island countries (as in case of Australia) there are lack of focus on long-term and medium migration challenges. National Legislation Concept like support for adaptation in origin countries or capacity-building in transit countries id not enough to stop environmental migration problem in Australia. In order to restrict such issues, Australia needs to frame a national legislation over the concept of environmental migrants. This can only be done via erecting a humanitarian category for environmental migrants. This said concept was proposed in the Greens 2007 Bill. It is also popularly known as climate refugee visa category and is specifically directed towards the people who are fleeing a disaster that results from both incremental and rapid ecological and climatic change and disruption (Farbotko at al., 2012). References: Farbotko, C. and Lazrus, H., 2012. The first climate refugees? Contesting global narratives of climate change in Tuvalu.Global Environmental Change,22(2), pp.382-390. Farbotko, C. and Lazrus, H., 2012. The first climate refugees? Contesting global narratives of climate change in Tuvalu.Global Environmental Change,22(2), pp.382-390. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2014.Climate Change 2014Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability: Regional Aspects. Cambridge University Press. McAdam, J., 2012.Climate change, forced migration, and international law. Oxford University Press. McMichael, C., Barnett, J. and McMichael, A.J., 2012. An ill wind? Climate change, migration, and health.Environmental health perspectives,120(5), p.646. Obergassel, W., Arens, C., Hermwille, L., Kreibich, N., Mersmann, F., Ott, H.E. and Wang-Helmreich, H., 2016.Phoenix from the Ashes: An Analysis of the Paris Agreement to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Wuppertal Institut fr Klima, Umwelt, Energie.

Total Quality Management Argumentative Essay Example For Students

Total Quality Management Argumentative Essay TQMA new type of structure is being used in many organizations today. That structure is labeled Total Quality Management (TQM). This approach involves guaranteeing that an organization functions with a commitment to quality and continuous improvement in meeting its consumers needs. With any type of change there will always be a number of bumps in the road which slow down the process that can help a company increase the workers morale, production, profits and over all positive environment to conduct business. The pressures of the cutthroat market place has pushed companies backs against a wall and to compete on a global scale new ideas have to be explored. The purpose of a TQM program is to amplify the effectiveness of the organization. During an age of downsizing and restructuring, many American companies are determining that they must learn to manage more effectively. The management is running on an older system, which adds to workers that call out more sick days and abuse the compa nies production procedure. Organizational problems decoding means that all members of an organization participate in cultivating a vision and improving the corporate cultures. In any change program you must comprehend where you are before you can chart a course of where you want to be. Therefore, before executing TQM, or another program it is important to add the total value of the organization in terms of its current quality or performance class and to define the level of performance or quality you wish to achieve. We will write a custom essay on Total Quality Management Argumentative specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now One will never achieve total output for any given input, but with simple steps that can add dollars to the bottom line with an increase of production one can get close. Organization diagnose contributes information which allows a faster reacting organization to emerge, one which can deal proactively with changing emphases. Organization examination is often mentioned as the most critical element in the TQM process. With this technique utilized a company can measure all aspects of its output in relation to the mass input. These all include external and internal inputs from the accountant to the delivery truck driver. All members and service providers must be looked at so as to acquire a complete overall view of the performance of the given organization. The steps that a company takes towards Total Quality Management in the beginning only adds the real value of having such a new system in place. Organizations are transforming and will continue to do so in order to survive in this comple x environment. Because change is occurring so rapidly, there is necessity for new ways to manage focusing on product quality and individual involvement. TQM is a type of an approach to managing work focusing on the evaluation of industry processes. The development of a quality energized culture and the empowerment of employees, for this purpose of continuous improvement of products and philanthropies. Since TQM is a powerful new management technique requiring absolute employee participation, the first step is a climatic change in corporate culture. Any successful adjustment in corporate culture will depend upon the active consultation and involvement of the management team. An important component in developing a high performance organization is the identification of areas for improvement or concerns. Total quality management has been defined as the guidance of activities involving improving the quality of the organizations product or service. TQM involves moving toward collective excellence by integrating the desires of individuals for growth and development with organizational goals. TQM is a philosophy and a set of guiding standards for continuous improvement. TQM applies human resources and analytical tools into management e fforts, by providing planned, efficient approaches to improving the total organization, so that it is more customer oriented, quality conscious, adjustable and attentive. Total quality management has become a cardinal concern of management. Much of this attention was initially focused on the auto establishments, which experienced declining sales and increasing product disappointments. .ua6cfdb18738c5aed61bc7e92295808b1 , .ua6cfdb18738c5aed61bc7e92295808b1 .postImageUrl , .ua6cfdb18738c5aed61bc7e92295808b1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua6cfdb18738c5aed61bc7e92295808b1 , .ua6cfdb18738c5aed61bc7e92295808b1:hover , .ua6cfdb18738c5aed61bc7e92295808b1:visited , .ua6cfdb18738c5aed61bc7e92295808b1:active { border:0!important; } .ua6cfdb18738c5aed61bc7e92295808b1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua6cfdb18738c5aed61bc7e92295808b1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua6cfdb18738c5aed61bc7e92295808b1:active , .ua6cfdb18738c5aed61bc7e92295808b1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua6cfdb18738c5aed61bc7e92295808b1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua6cfdb18738c5aed61bc7e92295808b1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua6cfdb18738c5aed61bc7e92295808b1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua6cfdb18738c5aed61bc7e92295808b1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua6cfdb18738c5aed61bc7e92295808b1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua6cfdb18738c5aed61bc7e92295808b1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua6cfdb18738c5aed61bc7e92295808b1 .ua6cfdb18738c5aed61bc7e92295808b1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua6cfdb18738c5aed61bc7e92295808b1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Americas Zoos: Entertainment To Conservation EssayCompanies in numerous other industries also became concerned. Some of these ideas were originally explored in this country in the 80s due to deficient sales and decrease in market share. Both of these can denote death for even considerably large companies like General Motors. It was GM that characterized a major role in introducing TQM here with the Saturn car. GM decided that since they might lose some valuable market shares due to expansion in Japanese car sale, that they should study the extraordinary way that this old world culture seemed to put quality autos on the market. GM found that the Japanese had less middle man agement and more teams of employees that were self-governed. The teams were responsible for the perfection of the products that were made, instead of having quality control inspectors. The teams were given the authority to hire and fire its members. With this innovative knowledge, GM tried an experiment for GM to use and harvest some of the inspirations so as to enhance its other factories. Thus, the total quality management system was subsequently made mainstream with it creeping into all types of organizations. There are several widely recognized key characteristics of TQM systems. First for a system to be TQM it has to be organization wide. Which determines that the production line is a natural and obvious place to increase quality but it also takes place in all areas of the business. This includes the superior CEO to the mailroom clerk. Second, the top managers must visibly adhere the new TQM control system. If any of the workers were to contemplate that the upper management was not taking the new guidelines seriously then you are more inclined to have chaos. To help stop people from causing too many problems, a simple type of reward system is put in place to recognize team associates and for the insurance that there will be continued support. Third, everyone in the organization has a customer, which could be the adjacent guy on the production line or remote to the organization. This is a crafty way to get the personnel enthusiastic about pleasing the guidelines of the company. Forth, doi ng the job expectations right the first time is important. Instead of relying on product inspection, the employee should be responsible for the quality of the product that is conceived. Finally, the most important aspect for an organization is to let the team members know that each one of them is respected and valued. This again goes for the entire chain, from the internal employees to the external vendors and suppliers. More and more organizations are concluding that employees are no longer satisfied with simply filling a slot in the organization chart. Everyone in the organization has a voice and is allowed to speak on all issues. Todays managers are being challenged to provide leadership in new and changing environments. Customers, competitors, employees, and stockholders are all placing anxieties on management for innovation and change at a rapid pace. Change is a scorning process. Every organization exists in an endless state of adapting to change. External competitive forces u sually cause downsizing changes, whereas other changes to work operations emerge as a result of shifting forces within the organization. Many management theorists feel that authoritarian or political forces, adapting to this increasing rate of change and therefore become reactive organizations reacting drastically after problems come to light. The GM company for example, continues to focus on quality, cycle time reduction, and teamwork in a change process that most companies can only try to emulate. Ten years after initiating a quality change program, TQM is still being used to improve the company. The Saturn car company is a continued success in the auto industry. It should be noted that Saturn has yet to pull in an over all profit, but the high sales has GM looking at the car company in hindsight. GM has taken what it has learned from Saturn and applied it to the other lines of cars. How can you measure the value of such information? So because of this new approach the TQM company lives on as a modern day experiment, which by todays terms is not so experimental. GM strategy to meet these changing forces is termed Total Quality Management (TQM). Total Quality Management may be defined as an organizational strategy of commitment to improving customer satisfaction by developing techniques to carefully administer output quality. TQM is not so much a special technique, as it is an aspect of a reinvented corporate culture with a healthy commitment to improving quality in all organizational approaches. BibliographyBeecroft, GD (1999) The role of quality in strategic management Decisions, v37 i6Heapy, MS. And Gruska, GF. (1995) The Malcolm Baldridge National Quality Award- A Yardstick for Quality Growth Addison Wesley Publishing Company Kuger, V. (1999) Towards a European definition of TQM- a historical review The TQM Magazine v11 n4 p257Marsh, J. (1996) The Quality Toolkit- a practical resource for making TQM happenwww.GM.com

Determining What Makes A Career Criminal essays

Determining What Makes A Career Criminal essays Determining What Makes A Career Criminal The career criminal, or, more pointedly, those individuals who participate in criminal acts on a regular basis for both a central and constant source of income has, generally, a specific set of identifying factors which, while conclusive in laymen's terms, fail to meet the criteria necessary for scientific inquiry. While definitions exist as to what a career criminal is, the research methods employed in determining these definitions are a large point of contention for criminal justice theorists, especially due to their potential and virtually imminent inclusion to modern hypothesis on the subject. These research methods include longitudinal data collection and compilation, cross-sectional data collection and compilation, and, as at least one group of theorists argue, the most efficient method, informative interviewing. The longitudinal research method employs a data collection technique which focuses on the duration of a particular actin this case, the so-called criminal careerbased not upon specific incidents, but the length of time measured between such acts (Blumstein, Cohen, and Farrington, 1988). That is, an individual's propensity for criminal conduct in a so-called career mode would be measured first by the original act as an origin, then with the succeeding acts, until a final point became evident. Therefore, such a research method would logically conclude that an individual who performed or participated in criminal conduct on two occasions several years apart would be considered a career criminal. It is for this reason, that criminal justice theorists differ as to the applicability and relevance of the longitudinal research method (Blumstein, Cohen, and Farrington, 1988). Since the longitudinal research method could construe two independentor even two interdependantcriminal acts as the foundational make-up of a career criminal, theorists may hypothesize incorrectly as to ...

Discuss in scholarly detail ways that building intra-organization Essay

Discuss in scholarly detail ways that building intra-organization cooperation between information systems personnel and line managers improve the information systems - Essay Example ferent managers perceive the environment differently.† Information system personnel can evaluate and ratify several technical aspects of ISs but the line managers can provide them important operational insights into these systems because of their firsthand practical experience. Line managers that interact with information systems can reflect the limitations and weaknesses observed in the system and this feedback can play a vital role in important modifications. Zientara (n.d., p.4) declares the â€Å"Line managers continual dissatisfaction with the quality of information systems services† as the failure of information systems. The growth and advancement of distributed information systems has also instigated the need of intra-organization cooperation because consolidation of information received from various modules of the information system can be used to further improve the system. Eduardo states, â€Å"A new purpose of the informal distributed information systems for innovation that arise from the interaction of the accumulated stock of knowledge emerging at the individual (micro) level.† It can be safely deduce that the information accumulated by the line managers can provide a useful insight into the information systems for further